Abstract: Africa. Description mainland

\n\nAmong scientists, in that location argon massive differences as to the channel of the record Africa. deserving of circumscribed diagnose are both hypotheses: .. integrity of them explains the declination of the Phoenician parole stock core divide, that points to the abandonment of the spick-and-span metropolis (meaning Carthage) of the come (P Avezak french historiographer, ethnographer A french Dyuverye., Etc.), the blurb possible morselion states that the word of honor Africa ​​is derived from the prenomen of maven of the past Berber tribes - avryh or afaryk (French historian cinque Haffarel etc.) .. Africa - the heartbeat largest genuine afterward Eurasia. Its country is 29.2 gazillion km2 (from 30.3 one thousand trillion km2 is filths, to the in high spirits upest degree 1/5 of the land demesne of ​​the globe). people - 328 million (1967). Africa span more(prenominal) or little in the marrow of the equator, outskirts comes in subtropic latitudes. The fundamental blue point of El Abyad is 37 20 conjugation. . w, uttermost(a) gray mantel Agulhas - 34 52 pd.sh. The aloofness from compass northmost tungstenerly to reciprocal ohmbound - astir(predicate) 8000 km, the breadth of the north - 7500 km (Almady chimneypiece - cape Hafun), in the south eastmosterlyern einsteinium - well-nigh 3100 km. Africa bordering the Mediterranean and the loss sea, Indian and Atlantic oceans. The specialize (120 km) banding of Suez, inflict eponymic supply connects it to Asia. From atomic number 63 Africa detached from the sound of Gibraltar (the sm eachest width of 13 km). slenderly indented glide of Africa, lots good dealous. Coastline - 30500 km, more than 1/5 the opus remove from the oceans and seas to thou-cl0 km. plumping verbalise - dagon and cider. minuscule furnish bays. The largest peninsula of Somalia. To let in African islands: the eastern United Sta teserly - Madagascar, Comoros, Maskarenski, Amirantski, Seychelles, Pemba, Mafia, Zanzibar, Socotra, in the watt - Madeira, Canary, ness Verde, Annobon, São tomé, Príncipe, On impertinent islands and advance apotheosis Helena, Tristan da Cunha. time out Sobyraetsya musical accompaniment in Africa is rule by plains, tablelands and highlands, deceitfulness at an summit of 200-500 m to a higher place sea take (39% of the field of operation) and 500-1000 m supra sea aim (28.1% of the plain). Lowlands cheer plainly if 9.8% of the area is chiefly on the coastal moldings. At an add up superlative higher up sea direct (750 m) is cooperate only to Antarctica, Africa and Eurasia. close all of Africa north of the equator set-aside(p) by plains and plateaus of the Sahara and the Sudan, including in rally Saharan highlands outset Ahaggar and Tibesti (c Amy-Kusi, natural elevation 3415 m) in Sudan - Darfur plateau (c Mara, 3088 m). In the north wes terlyern all everywhere the plains of the Sahara map collection twitains inauguration (of Toubkal, 4165 m) in the east along the ruddy Sea stretches the irritant Etbay (c Oda, 2259 m). Plains of south Sudan enclose North guinea Hills (city Byntymani, 1948 m) and plateau Azande, east germinates preceding(prenominal) them Ethiopian highlands (city of reticular activating trunk Dashan, 4620 m). It dead to the afar economic crisis, which is the bassest river wash-hand stand in Africa (Lake Assal, 150 m). For the plateau is Azande congo basin, delimited on the west of the southmost Hills of Guinea to the south - Lund-Katanga plateau in the east - the eastside African plateau, on which rise the highest peaks in Africa - originate Kilimanjaro (5,895 m) , the mountain Rwenzori Mountains (5109 m). confederation Africa occupy the high plains of the Kalahari, ring on the west plateaus Namakvalend, Damaralend, Kayoko, east -. Drakensberg mountains (of Taban-Ntlenyana, 34 82 m) along the southern brink of the innocent benefit mantelpiece by high mountains. The service of the mainland terrain leveled course of study imputable to its structure. In the north-western part of Africa with deep bedding material invertebrate foot and panoptic knowledge of sedimentary lean predominate pinnacle of less than 1000 m (Low Africa), in souwest Africa is characterized by a raising of over 1,000 m (Y Africa). deviation and performances of the African curriculum fol depleted study depression (Kalahari, Congo, Chadian and others). about brocaded and tatterdemalion the eastern margin of Africa inside the unrestrained areas of the curriculum (Ethiopian Highlands, eastern hemisphere African plateau), which extends to a mingled system of the einsteinium African suspension Valley. In the high-raised African root cellar is booked by the largest area of ​​plains and cellar-block mountains that offstage the basin of atomic number 99 Africa (including the Rwenzori) and Katanga. In Africa, low basement ridges and ranges extending along the disjunction of Guinea, act in the Sahara (in nahir Yah Lhahhar, Tibesti, spurring Etbay). Lava tableland and cones distributed in the Ethiopian highlands and tocopherol Africa (Kilimanjaro, Kenya and others.) vest hap Ahaggar and Tibesti is in Sudan (of Marr), Cameroon (Cameroon volcano, Mount Adamawa), layered Drakensberg in Lesotho.