Poem I Think About You Essays - Harry James Discography

Sonnet: I Think About You At times when I consider how things could have been I can't resist the urge to consider that day The manner in which you looked so changed, so miserable At the point when I consider it I need to pass on All the pleasant we've had, all lost in one brief second I ask everynight that one day things will be unique What's more, that possibly, quite possibly, I could move on You hurt me more than you'll ever know this agony I feel just appears to develop one day I simply realize I'll detonate. For what reason did you need to do it? I could have changed It could have been something more Anything you need, I'll generally offer it to you I'll miss you to such an extent Your lips, your touch Did you need to go? I trust it was fun, presently I've lost you and you've lost me What the heck am I expected to do now? Verse Essays

Introduction to the Dirac Delta Function

Prologue to the Dirac Delta Function The Dirac delta work is the name given to a scientific structure that is planned to speak to an admired point object, for example, a point mass or point charge. It includes expansive applications inside quantum mechanics and the remainder of quantum material science, as it is generally utilized inside the quantum wavefunction. The delta work is spoken to with the Greek lowercase image delta, composed as a capacity: Î'(x). How the Delta Function Works This portrayal is accomplished by characterizing the Dirac delta work with the goal that it has an estimation of 0 wherever aside from at the info estimation of 0. By then, it speaks to a spike that is endlessly high. The fundamental assumed control over the whole line is equivalent to 1. On the off chance that youve contemplated math, youve likely run into this marvel previously. Remember this is an idea that is regularly acquainted with understudies following quite a while of school level investigation in hypothetical material science. As such, the outcomes are the accompanying for the most fundamental delta work Î'(x), with a one-dimensional variable x, for some irregular information esteems: Î'(5) 0î'(- 20) 0î'(38.4) 0î'(- 12.2) 0î'(0.11) 0î'(0) ∞ You can scale the capacity up by duplicating it by a consistent. Under the standards of analytics, duplicating by a consistent worth will likewise expand the estimation of the fundamental by that steady factor. Since the vital of Î'(x) over every genuine number is 1, at that point duplicating it by a consistent of would have another fundamental equivalent to that steady. In this way, for instance, 27î'(x) has a vital over every single genuine number of 27. Another helpful interesting point is that since the capacity has a non-zero worth just for a contribution of 0, at that point if youre taking a gander at an organize network where your point isnt arranged exactly at 0, this can be spoken to with an articulation inside the capacity input. So in the event that you need to speak to that the molecule is at a position x 5, at that point you would compose the Dirac delta work as Î'(x - 5) ∞ [since Î'(5 - 5) ∞].â On the off chance that you, at that point need to utilize this capacity to speak to a progression of point particles inside a quantum framework, you can do it by including different dirac delta capacities. For a solid model, a capacity with focuses at x 5 and x 8 could be spoken to as Î'(x - 5) Î'(x - 8). In the event that you, at that point took an essential of this capacity over all numbers, you would get a basic that speaks to genuine numbers, despite the fact that the capacities are 0 at all areas other than the two where there are focuses. This idea would then be able to be extended to speak to a space with a few measurements (rather than the one-dimensional case I utilized in my models). This is an as a matter of fact brief prologue to an exceptionally mind boggling theme. The key thing to acknowledge about it is that the Dirac delta work fundamentally exists for the sole reason for making the mix of the capacity bode well. When there is no vital occurring, the nearness of the Dirac delta work isnt especially accommodating. In any case, in material science, when you are managing going from a district without any particles that out of nowhere exist at just one point, its very supportive. Wellspring of the Delta Function In his 1930 book, Principles of Quantum Mechanics, English hypothetical physicist Paul Dirac spread out the key components of quantum mechanics, including the bra-ket documentation and furthermore his Dirac delta work. These became standard ideas in the field of quantum mechanics inside the Schrodinger condition.

Difference between Discrimination and Disparity free essay sample

Segregation Segregation is diverse treatment of people or gatherings dependent on, race, ethnicity, sexual direction or financial status rather than treatment dependent on the genuine conduct or capabilities of every person. The types of segregation in the criminal equity is methodical separation, institutional separation, relevant separation, and unadulterated equity. Regardless of how you attempt to bend these terms there are despite everything considered as separation. Standardized Discrimination concerns inconsistencies in result than through arrangements. The principle component of regulated separation is result; not race. Logical Discrimination will be separation that is found in certain spots at specific occasions, and in certain unique situations. Precise Discrimination happens when a specific race, sex, age, ethnicity or way of life bunch experiences segregation in each stage, each phase of the nation without variety. The last idea is unadulterated equity and that shows segregation doesn't exist whenever or place in the criminal equity framework. Divergence Divergence is the inconsistent treatment of individuals from one segment bunch by the criminal equity framework contrasted and the treatment concurred individuals from different gatherings. We will compose a custom article test on Contrast among Discrimination and Disparity or on the other hand any comparable theme explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page There are additionally a few clarifications for inconsistencies. As I get further into my paper I will show some of them. At that point you will see the genuine importance of incongruities. The clarifications are as per the following: âž ¢People of shading are perpetrate more wrongdoings. âž ¢The Criminal Justice framework is supremacist with the outcome that ethnic minorities are dealt with cruelly. âž ¢The criminal framework communicates bigotry found in the public arena all in all. Dissimilarity and Discrimination In contrast to Caucasian; Hispanics, African Americans, and different minorities are dependent upon the criminal equity framework at an a lot higher rate. They are the ones that are well on the way to get in a difficult situation with the law before any gathering. You dont catch wind of such a large number of Caucasians getting in a difficult situation with the law. African Americans represents 28 percent of all capture and there is mutiple/3 of them secured up in the United States. There are just 13 percent of the individuals in the U.S is African American. The per capita imprisonment rate for the African Americans is in excess of multiple times more noteworthy than that for the caucasian rate. Since 1980 the extents of Hispanics bolted up has ascended from 7.7 percent to 21.0 percent The pace of unwarranted capture of Hispanics in California is twofold that of Caucasians. Among each 100,000 African Americans in 2007 about 20 were executed by firearm contrasted and 9 weapon passings among each 100,00 whites. To the extent model cases for these two terms they are as per the following: âž ¢Trayvon Martin Case âž ¢The shooting of the youthful dark man in Valdosta âž ¢Kendrick Johnson, 17, was discovered dead in a moved up tangle a secondary school exercise center âž ¢LAWRENCEVILLE, Ga. (AP) Police say the body of a 10-year-old young lady has been found in a junk can at a metro Atlanta high rise This summarizes my paper on Discrimination and Disparity. I realize that you may not comprehend the distinction among Discrimination and Disparity however in the event that you focus on your regular environmental factors it happening surrounding you. I know now and again that these are two things that we abstain from attempting to see however toward the day's end we got the opportunity to acknowledge the way that these are a piece of our regular daily existences. I realize that a few people just dont care however we cannot continue overlooking the realities that telling and indicating us whats truly going on out there in our general public and the criminal equity framework can do a couple of things; which are make it most exceedingly terrible or improve it. We can battle to attempt to cause these two issues to leave however by the day's end they despite everything must be managed in any case and that is only the state of affairs. So lets quit complaining and quarreling over whats turning out badly in our general public and put toward a push to fix it or improve it.

Underrated Questions on Pte Writing Essay Topics

Underrated Questions on Pte Writing Essay Topics The Do's and Don'ts of Pte Writing Essay Topics So academic achievement is crucial to create responsible and active men and women in society. How much you could earn while your paper work is being done by somebody, who knows the way to do it correctly! In the long run, it's about how much hard work and effort which you put into any of the tests so as to clear them with excellent marks. You acknowledge the opposite view at the start of another part. You should spend time brainstorming seriously. Some students utilize the very first idea which arrives in their head and work on it, but the outcome isn't profitable. What About Pte Writing Essay Topics? Based on the duration of the essay, numerous body paragraphs will be different. Remember your final grade significantly is based on the topic. Anyway, there's no 100% guarantee your essay would be well worth a high grade. Narrative essays are told from a defined point of view, frequently the author's, thus there's feeling in addition to specific and frequently sensory details supplied to find the reader involved with the elements and sequence of the story. Don't forget to attentively read the previous portion of the topic to debate the way that you are asked to. Especially if you're giving out an instruction or suggestion, it's a terrible method of description. Learning a new language for an early age is helpful for kids. Lies You've Been Told About Pte Writing Essay Topics In the PTE writing module, you've got to summarize a lengthy text into only a single sentence, you've got to summarize a text that's spoken to you into 70 words and then you've got to compose an essay, that is three sections. Again, for more info about essay structure strategies, our PTE write essay' webinar is an excellent place to begin! You're able to continue being near our schema. Generally the toughest part of developing a descriptive essay is picking the topic. The option of compare and contrast essay topics isn't a simple task because you must demonstrate your analytical skills. In other sorts of essays, the content can fluctuate. Just be certain you're following your instructor's guidelines and understand how to construct a narrative essay from starting to end. Communication has charged significantly in the last ten decades. Writing an excellent college paper assignment is an intimidating approach. Moreover, you may also improve in different tasks with the assistance of Practice Materials. Writing practice shouldn't be boring! The Tried and True Method for Pte Writing Essay Topics in Step by Step Detail Education is occasionally regarded as something for the youth. Parent, ought to be held legally accountable for their sons' and daughters' acts. Parents ought to be held legally accountable for their sons' and daughters' acts. Pte Writing Essay Topics Secrets To put it differently, the essay should say how you intend to get ready for class. The essay questions are split into common PTE Essay writing. When you've chosen a narrative subject, you're prepared to get started writing your essay! No matter the essay category you've been assigned with, you have to be passionate enough to write on that special topic. The more you write essays, the simpler it gets but there are a couple vital elements to writing an excellent essay that you should know in the beginning. If you get essays online, it's really important to understand whether the work is still in process or has been finished. Therefore, below are some basic strategies that will help you in writing of good descriptive essay. If you're tasked with writing a descriptive essay there are lots of things which you can write about. Whispered Pte Writing Essay Topics Secrets Folks will often say they don't write out an essay plan since they're frightened of wasting valuable moment. Becoming creative and descriptive can occasionally be a challenge. Individuals often believe the very best tactic is to simply begin writing and receive the ball rolling, and that the ideas will follow. There are various kinds of music on earth today.

Free Community Colleges And Free Tuition - 1751 Words

Right now 7.8 million people are enrolled in a community college, but there are 318.9 million people in the United States. We should have more people enrolled at community colleges and free tuition would help this. Globalization makes it difficult to make a decent living without a proper education because in the 21st century jobs require more education then a High School diploma. Thomas L. Friedman talks about globalization and how it has been around for centuries, but recently has gone to a whole new level in the book The World Is Flat. Globalization is the process by which businesses or other organizations develop international influence. This is a problem because adults are losing jobs and businesses are outsourcing jobs due to not†¦show more content†¦They will have to work hard to get decent grades to get free tuition. In addition, the article The Push For Free Higher Education points out, â€Å"As one of the most developed countries in the world, America has the reso urces and need for its citizens to be taught to a certain standard in order to foster generations of young intellects.† This means that having our younger citizens educated will only help us in the long run. It will positively impact future generations, instead of having a plethora of uneducated individuals. Even though having tax payers pay for the tuition would be a highly debated issue, it would impact the society in a positive way. We would be able to stop outsourcing work because we would have more educated adults with the right requirements to get jobs they qualify for, and have a variety of different skills due to liberal arts. With free community college tuition adults will have sufficient liberal art skills, which will be beneficial to our society. In the book, The World Is Flat Friedman acknowledges, But we also need to be vigilant in upholding the teaching of art and music and literature, because they too are essential for innovation. (316). What Friedman means by this is that we just don’t need kids to be excellent at math, science, and history they also need other skills. The more skills they have will onlyShow MoreRelatedShould Community College Tuition Be Free?875 Words   |  4 PagesMy immediate response is yes, of course I want community college tuition to be free but then I realized I am already in my second year this will not apply to me. As I further ponder over it I can not help but to think on what terms would this be under. Will you have to have a certain GPA? Will it only be available to us citizens? Will there be a age stipulation? There is a number of factors that can be put on this â€Å"Free Tuition†. It sounds like an amazing offer be is it really? After hearing theRead MoreCommunity College Education Should Not Be Tuition Free998 Words   |  4 PagesCommunity College Education Should Not Be Tuition Free Every year, millions of students graduate from high school and consider studying in community college. The main reason for them to choose community colleges over four-year universities is the affordable tuition, or they have undecided majors for their careers. Unfortunately, an academic article published in 2014 â€Å"How to Help College Students Graduate,† Kirp demonstrated, â€Å"American students are enrolling college in record numbers, but they areRead MoreThe Importance Of Community College Education1207 Words   |  5 Pageseconomy and politics. For the United States of American, community college becomes one of the main factors to determine how the country moves forward. Using table 101.20 from Digest of Education Statistics of the National center for Education Statistics, from 2000 to 2014, the increase in college enrollment has been contributed by increases in the traditional college-age population and rising enrollment rates. But increasing costs of tuition and di fferent expenses each year have become huge obstaclesRead MoreA Poor Solution For America s Shortcoming1625 Words   |  7 PagesWelfare. A major issue in today’s society is the debate over free community college tuition. Even though some say free community college tuition would be one step closer to saving Americas crumbling lower class, community college tuition should not be completely free. An education from a community college is already very affordable even for those who are from low-income families. On top of being affordable, free community college tuition as it stands today is easily exploitable by those who don’tRead MoreShould Colleges Be Free? Essay1186 Words   |  5 PagesShould colleges be free in America? It is a question that is more relevant today than ever before. As education is one key factor that determines the nation’s fate going forward, this question is worth debating. Making free college education may sound good theoretically but requ ires herculean efforts to make it practically possible. The main question is whether such program be effective in the long run or not? If, yes how long will the government able to support these costs and from where? Are tuitionRead MoreThe Community College Model Works Just Fine1361 Words   |  6 Pageson Barack Obama’s recent proposal to make the first two years of community college free of charge. Dr. Michael A. MacDowell, retired president of Misericordia University and a writer for Citizen’s Voice, disagrees with Obama’s plan and makes this clear in his article s title, â€Å"The Community College Model Works Just Fine.† MacDowell’s biggest arguments is that the community college group is not the most effective group to offer free education. MacDowell successfully uses statistical facts and evidenceRead MoreCollege Should Offer Free Tuition867 Words   |  4 PagesHaving a college degree is considered to a vital part of being successful in today’s day and age. College degrees are really expensive, but in a long run they really pay off. College can be a big financial burden so with that being said, in my opinion, I think community college should offer free tuition with some sort of standards to be eligible for free tuition. President Barack Obama conveyed a speech at Macomb Community College in Warren, Michigan this past September. President Obama proposedRead MoreThe Rise And Fall Of College Tuition1575 Words   |  7 PagesHodges Professor Robert Howell English 102 21 October 2015 The Rise and Fall of College Tuition in the United States In the recent debate regarding the implementation of free college tuition across the United States, Jon Wiener, a Los Angeles journalist for The Nation, and Kelly Field, chief Washington reporter for The Chronicle of Higher Education who covers different federal education policies, discuss why college tuition should be abolished in the United States of America and the role of both DemocraticRead MoreThe Cost Of Education : Tuition Cost Is On Every Student s Mind Essay1201 Words   |  5 PagesThe Cost of Education Tuition cost is on every student s mind. The cost of college tuition is an unnecessary burden that causes students to do the following: work multiple jobs, worry about financial aid, and take time from studying and being better students. Every day I m reminded of the cost of tuition. It is on my mind when I am at the grocery store trying to decide between buying food or gas so I can go to work. Or, for example, when I have to make time to study in between my three jobs IRead MoreCommunity College Tuition Plan Raises Doubts789 Words   |  4 Pageswere people who stated their insight such as president Stanley from Westmoreland County Community College, David Patti president and CEO of the Pennsylvania Business Council and Laura Fisher, senior vice president with Allegheny Conference who agreed that if students are given the opportunity to progress in school it could mean a better economy in the future. By giving students paid tuition in community colleges it could mean they would go to a university to finish a bachelors in a major that interests

Globalization Its Effect of Wealth Essay - 2561 Words

The word globalization gets tossed around our tongues with out even slipping our minds what it is. But what is it? Globalization is the idea of companies to send jobs overseas to those who will work for less. Globalization is the ability to go to McDonald’s in China and eat a Big Mac that tastes as if you ate it on your homeland. Globalization allows you go on Facebook to communicate with your exchange partner in Germany in a matter of seconds. However, globalization can be defined even broader that includes all aspects it influences. The most suitable definition for would be that globalization is the collapse of barriers between countries allowing labor, goods, and services to be freely exchanged. One aspect that seems to be†¦show more content†¦188) By this he is explaining that they might make 54 dollars a month but comparing that to their relatives wage that is a substantial growth. He then interviews a young female Vietnamese, Tsi-Chi, who works in this sweatsho p. She compares her work setting to working on a farm. Farm work means working under the hot sun with bugs constantly pestering you for a straight 10 to 14 hours. But factory work is definitely more pleasant when a typical day is a 8 to 9 hour shift in air conditioning. On top of that many workers receive training and education, can have reduced or free meals, and are offered medical attention. This comparison makes, â€Å"Nike sound more like Santa Claus than Scrooge†(Norberg, 2003, p. 189). Nike’s appreciation for their customers has brought many workers increased wages but Norberg argues that their increased production, â€Å"will also be possible to invest in education and health for Vietnam† (Norberg, 2003, p. 189) In other words, Vietnam’s economy will begin to flourish by having the access to be on the same playing field as the United States. Therefore, they can worry more about their education and health rather than their financial strains. Lastly , Norberg insists, â€Å"It would be extremely interesting to hear an antiglobalist explain to Tsi-Chi why it is important for Westerners to boycott Nike, so that she loses her job, and has to go back into farming, and has to send her son to work† (Norberg, 2003, p. 190). This proglobalistShow MoreRelatedEconomic Exchange within a Globalized World1195 Words   |  5 Pagesessence the product of this globalization. Globalization is the international integration or interaction of resources which comes from the exchange of products and ideas between nations (Globalization n.d.). The process of globalization is mainly caused by economic exchange. This exchange can range from the trade of materials, to investment of money in foreign banks, and to the technology which has given rise to a more interconnected world. Consequently globalization can be seen have a great influenceRead MorePositive Impact Of Globalization762 Words   |  4 Pages Globalization is when companies and people begin to expand and integrate on an international scale, creating international free trade. While globalization has positive effects, it also is important to understand the impact it has across the world. â€Å"This process has effects on the environment, on culture, on political systems, on economic development and prosperity, and on human physical well-being in societies around the world† (What Is Globalization?). Globalization allows the free trade of productsRead MoreGlobalization and Citizenship Essays768 Words   |  4 Pagesactivity, investments and trade. Imagine economic integration and the rapid development of cities. This is globalization. Globalization is used to describe the increased integration and internationalization of economic affairs and relations which are facilitated and transitioned by rapid development in technology in the fields of information gathering, communication and processing. Globalization has a very big influence and impact on the economies of the world. We see many countries developing at rapidRead MoreGlobalization Is An Undeniable Reality Of The Modern World Essay1630 Words   |  7 PagesGlobalization is an undeniable reality of the modern world. That said globalization means different things to different people. The debate about globalization is particularly complex because of the wide variety of ways that globalization affects people. Everyone has a stake in globalization, but some have more power to affect the system than others, Rebecca Todd Peters, in her book In Search of the Good Life, attempts to clarify the debate about globalization by identifying the 4 main viewpointsRead MoreThe Positive Side Of Globalization1155 Words   |  5 PagesThe Positive Side of Globalization Globalization is what unites this world. As time passes, it has become easier to communicate with people worldwide. With dedication, education and will, you can have a full conversation in a foreign language anytime. If looked at in depth, globalization contributed to the spread of your native language because it was transferred by many people. As you can see, globalization is something that can help us communicate across long distances and much more. There areRead MorePeace Brought from the Modern Economic Structure1445 Words   |  6 Pageswhen economies become dependent upon trade from foreign nations, and Globalization, the act in which nations begin to integrate their ideas and concepts with one another, war and conflict can be mitigated. War is mitigated through the two phenomena due to the growing trade between nations that demands for nations to agree and play nicely with one another in order to continue this trade. This is additionally seen through the effects that a lack of trade causes on the nations. But conflicts do not seemRead MoreImpact Of Globalization On The World1262 Words   |  6 PagesThe impact that globalization provided to the world was a positive effect that expanded the influences from one country to another. Globalization is the process of international integration arising from the interchange of world views, products, ideas, and other aspects of culture. Similarities on how national markets established themselves in other countries which increases not only international trade but also cultural exchange. This increases cultural trade because it gives countries the abilityRead MoreCharacteristics Of Economic Globalization893 Words   |  4 Pages Economic Globalization: An Analysis of Main Features and Effects Economic globalization refers to the â€Å"increasing interdependence of world economies† (Shangquan, 2000), as a result of free movement of goods, services, technology, capital, and information between countries and across borders. It is one of the three main areas of globalization; economic globalization moves at an increasingly fast pace as movement across borders progresses. While economic globalization has had many benefits and positiveRead MoreGlobalization And Its Effect On Society1240 Words   |  5 PagesGlobalization and the use of new technologies and how it strengthens or weakens global inequalities Globalization is a very important force in the new world and it continues to impact the lives of individuals as well as groups world over. The role and affect of globalization has broadened over time. It has resulted in the lessening of trade barriers, integration of the economy of the world, increase in opportunities for groups and individuals alike and an increase in the economic well being andRead MoreEconomic Gaps : Globalization A Real World View986 Words   |  4 PagesEconomic Gaps: Globalization-A Real World View The main sociological issue depicted in the video is globalization. Globalization deals with social changes that affect the world on an international scale. This is regarded as the most important social change of the 21st century because the entire world is connected and can communicate in a matter of seconds. This eases the flow of ideas, people, and material objects and allows a small change somewhere to spread and have far reaching effects. This video

Patient Safety - Satisfaction and Hospital Care Quality - Sample

Question: Discuss and Critical Analysis of Safe Staffing Levels Of Nurses How It Has Impact In Patient Care In Relation To Health Policies? Answer: The nursing workforce is an integral part of the health care settings as nurses have a major role in achieving better patient outcomes, and they can be considered as an important care provider among the whole health care setting (Potter et al. 2013). Staffing levels of nurses is an ongoing concern and influences the safety levels of both the nurses and the patients. Nurse staffing refers to the mix of registered nurse expertise with the appropriate needs of the people receiving nursing care in the context of situation and practice settings (Mashimo et al. 2013). The provisions of suitable nurse staffing are required for reaching safe and quality outcomes. This is achieved by multifaceted and dynamic decision making processes that consider a wide range of variables (Yang, Hung and Chen 2015). Staffing shortage refers to an insufficient mix, number and experience level of registered nurses and ancillary staffs to proper care of the patients. Hospitals that have low nursing staffing hav e a tendency to have higher rates of poor patient outcomes. There lies a strong relation between adequate nurse-to-patient ratio and safe patient outcomes (Fram and Morgan 2012). Nurse staffing policies increase nurse staffing (Shin, Park and Huh 2014). However, authorised nurse staffing ratios without suitable mechanisms to provide help achieve targeted ratios have a tendency to force the health care settings, especially those settings which are concerned about safety, to develop tradeoffs in other investments or services that can have unintended negative results for their patients (Shin 2013). The present writing is a critical analysis of safe staffing levels and its impact on patient care and the health policies on this concern. Health care systems across the globe, including the United Kingdom, are facing many struggles to improve the quality of care and control the costs of care. In some countries, greater investment in hiring qualified nurses is an integral part of the strategy used by health care settings for improving the quality of care. However, in some, policymakers of health care sector seek substitute qualified nursing workforce with less expensive assistive staff. Many researches are present that throws light on this debate and tries to draw the conclusion on the relation between nursing staff and quality of life in hospital settings (Van den Heede and Aiken 2013). Higher registered nurse staffing has a vital relation with low rates of hospital-related mortality, cardiac arrest, failure to rescue and hospital-acquired infections. The influence of inadequate registered nurse staffing on the safety of the patients is strong and consistent in almost all care units in a hospital setting (Aiken et al. 2012). No studies directly do the task of examining the aspects that significantly influence policies for nursing staffing. Very few studies address the role of agency staff (Paek et al. 2015). In the context of nurse staffing issues, it is desirable to throw light on incidences that have taken place in the past and throw light on the impact of inadequate nursing staffing on patient care quality and overall functioning of the health care setting. One such incidence in the history of public health issues is the Stafford hospital scandal. The Stafford hospital scandal was a major concern in the history of public health as it highlighted poor care and the high rate among patients at a city hospital in England. The scandal took place in the late 2000s. Around thousand patients were found to be dying due to poor care over the time span of four years (Mohammed et al. 2013). In 2010, a complete public enquiry took place chaired by Robert Francis. The inquiry considered of strong evidence based on which actions were taken against the nurses. One of the reasons that contributed to such drastic decline in patient care was inadequate staffing. As a result of poor nursing staffing, dev astating results were witnessed. Issues of unsafe nursing staffing were thus highlighted (Francis 2014). The Nursing and Midwifery Board (NMC) of the United Kingdom held hearings for the nurses who were adjudged to be unfit for nursing practices (dailymail.co.uk 2014). The different health organisations of the country put forward guidelines for maintaining an appropriate nursing staffing levels at the hospital settings. Staffing levels have always been an issue. Patients have the ultimate right to receive care by appropriately experienced and qualified nurses. This right of the patients is enshrined within the National Health Service (NHS) Constitution (Nice.org.uk 2014). The NHS ACT 1999 makes overt the corporate accountability of the board for delivered nursing quality. The responsibility of the nurses regarding safe staffing is stipulated by the Nursing and Midwifery Council (NMC). This covers the overall registered nursing force in the country (legislation.gov.uk 2016). The report of the Health Select Committee 2009 states that insufficient staffing levels have been a major factor in undermining patient safety in many cases. In one year, more than 30,000 patient safety issues were recorded by the National Patient Safety Agency (NPSA) that has r elation with staffing issues. Short staffing can compromise on the care of the patients in a direct and indirect manner. Recurrent short staffing causes increased stress among the staffing and reduced staff well-being. This leads to high sickness absence and more leaving of the staff. No proper evidence suggest that NHS ward level staffing has witnessed improvement. NHS recommends that staffing planning must be taking place at all levels-regionally, locally and nationally. The results would ideally use regional and local plans. Having a strong base for planning staffing is critical, and it must be an integrated form (Safestaffing.org.uk, 2016). Ensuring staffing levels solely rely on the right establishment. To adjudge the number of staffs required for appropriate care requires the deep look into competencies and roles of all staff groups. Staffing levels will be affected to a great extent by how certain things are carried out, in terms of effectiveness and efficiency of processes. Changes that need to take place by the help of initiatives may bring alteration in the staffing level required for maintaining same care quality (England.nhs.uk 2016). Policy making for patient safety in relation to nursing staffing has some issues in it. One such key issue is that more work needs to be undertaken for determining optimal nurse staffing skill mixes and how needs have the tendency to vary across different health care settings. The limited evidence are not in the support of introducing a nurse in the direct role of care-giving below the highest level of registered nurse. The cost effectiveness of nursing staff decisions depends on short term and long term considerations. Evidence on relationships between patient outcomes, skill mix and costs is limited. Most researches are from the other countries, mainly the United States. More research in the United Kingdom is required to confirm whether relationships and assumptions of present studies hold for other health economies and nurse education systems (kcl.ac.uk 2016). Nurses must have a greater role in making up policies for health care. The reason is attributed to the fact that nurses ha ve a strong influence on the reduction of medical errors, improvement of patient safety, promotion of wellness, improvement of care quality and coordination of care by the healthcare system (Kitson et al. 2013). The NHS puts forward a policy to standardise staff groups of the procedures and processes for addressing staffing shortfall. It also addresses the expectation of National Quality Boards recommendations for policies for addressing staffing shortfalls. The policy has been implemented from March 2015, and the next date for review is February 2018. The aim of the policy is to promote safe staffing levels and adequate skill mix. This is in order to deliver high quality care. Patients have a right to be cared for by appropriately qualified and experienced staff in safe environments, and this is enshrined in the NHS Constitution. Trusts must ensure that they have the right staff, with the right skills, in the right place. This is a duty of the Trust Board and the Trust must demonstrate safe staffing in order to comply with Care Quality Commissions (CQC) regulatory framework and standards. Furthermore, the Nursing and Midwifery Council (NMC) (2008) makes it clear that all Registered Nurses a nd Midwives are professionally accountable for safe practice in their sphere of responsibility, ensuring that risk is managed appropriately. The roles and responsibilities of the health care settings are outlined in the policy. Each health care setting must have an agreed position in relation to safe nurse staffing and skill mix. Another responsibility is the final sign-off of safe nurse staffing and skill mix establishment, and to conduct regular establishment reviews to ensure that safe staffing and skill mix are being delivered operationally. All health care settings must comply with the national requirements (NQB) for monthly submission of Nurse staffing fill rates. Evidence based staffing levels must be taken to the Board for sign-off at least every six months. Any proposed changes to the nurse staffing and skill mix establishment, required to deliver service redesign projects, must be discussed at Board level. Heads of nursing teams must be accountable for staffing and skill mix in the clinical areas they are responsible for. They also hold responsibility for escalating the concerns present to the executive teams. L ead Nurses to have responsibility for managing day-to-day and potential risk in relation to nurse staffing and skill mix establishment in accordance with Trust policy, escalating to the Head of Nursing as required. Moreover, they are responsible for investigating any adverse effect related to skill mix and nurse staffing. Senior nurses are professionally accountable for safe nurse staffing and skill mix. They have responsibility for managing day-to-day actual and potential risk in their ward or department relating to nurse staffing and skill mix establishment. All staffs must ensure that insufficient staffing is addressed and taken into account on a daily basis. If inadequate staffing and skill mix is not resolved, it is identified via incident reporting and red flag events are recorded. They are also accountable for working with fellow staff to position staff effectively in line with their job description and code of conduct (Nursing Staffing Shortfall Escalation Policy 2016). The National Quality board (NQB) guidance 2013 outlines the expectations of NHS organisations regarding need of strong escalation processes of nurse staffing. The NQB guidance states that staff should be aware of the escalation policies in place, flag where they think staffing capacity and capability falls short of what is required and be able and prepared to use the escalation policies. All lead nurses must maintain a record of escalation, the reasons why and mitigations taken to address nurse deficiencies. All other nurses must undertake evaluation and risk assessment of the staffing levels by shift basis. All wards must have a record of decision making around nurse staffing where escalation has been required. Nurses may have a strong influence on health policy and this would protect the quality of care by access to required recourses and opportunities. Nurses have individual views on health care issues and influence health care policies in different ways. With a common understanding of nurses policy influence as a concept, nurses will recognize the importance of policy making in the health sector and their influence on this process and also on patients outcomes. Nurses have their own views on maintaining staffing levels and skill mix in health care settings. Therefore they must be taken into account and their views and opinion must be put focus while making policies in relation to nursing. NHS Trust Development Authority and Monitor recognise that agencies play an important role in the health care sector. National organisations including Monitor, National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE), NHS, Department of Health (DH), Cabinet Office and the Treasury, are leading other workstreams to help trusts manage their temporary workforce spend. This includes increasing supply of permanent staff and clarifying guidelines on safe staffing. The proposed agency spending rules outlined in this paper are therefore part of a national programme of work to help trusts meet the complex workforce challenges facing the healthcare sector. In June 2015, the Secretary of State announced rules to help organisations reduce their spending on agencies. The proposal put up was that maximum hourly rates are to be paid by the trust. Use of approved frameworks for procuring agency staff must be mandatory. There must be an annual ceiling for total agency spending. The NHS spending has b een put focus on due to the overspending. It has been described as the worst for a generation. The seriousness of the spending allocation of NHS was thus highlighted. Overspending on shortfall of permanent staff, agency staff, inefficient use of permanent staff and difficulties in recruitment are constantly affecting NHS (gov.uk 2016). The Health and Social Care Act 2012 puts forward major changes to the NHS in England. The progressions specifically gives attention to general practitioners and different experts known as clinical commissioning groups (CCGs). The Act brings about the transfer of of a large portion of the obligations that previously resides with the Department of Health to politically independent NHS Commissioning Board which was then later called NHS England. Moreover, the Act brings into focus the health related monetory controller with a demand for making preparations for anti-competitive actions. The Act has provisions for extensive refurbishing of the basic structure of NHS England. It sets recommendations for options on financial matters. There has been much critical analysis of the actions taken up by the NHS. On on hand, the Health Minister was found to be stating that NHS has been doing good in maintaining fund over the lasr few years. On the other hand, the Health Secretary stated that the p resent government cannot be trusted with the funding issues. There may be a collision in the actions taken up the NHS. The policies have resulted in a downfall in services which has put forward longer waiting lists, difficulties for patients to access GP services. It has been noticed that 3billion has been wasted on reorganisation which sees frontline staffing levels reduced. With the NHs struggling to make sure that there is a safe staffing levels, there is a shortage found in nurse workforce. Cummings (2003) opines that by ensuring the proper right staff at the right palce nad at the right time, patients would be given the care they need and is supported by NICE. The author also suggests that on safe staffing for nursing care must be given by introducing red flag events that warn staff in charge that there are insufficient staffing levels on wards (massnurses.org 2016). The Royal College of Nursing recommends that health departments must undertake work needed for identifying the efficacy and prevalence of planning approaches for better nurse staffing. Inexpensive and effective systems need support by the different health departments. Staffing reviews require board level commitment. Decisions must not be taken in the vacuum, and all significant decisions must involve the nurses. Regular evaluation is needed and the results must be heeded and implemented in a constant manner (rcn.org.uk 2016). UNISON is a large trade union in the United Kingdom. A significant part of the organisation are NHS registered nurses and NHS managers and clinical support workers. The organisation puts up valuable comment in relation to nursing staffing (Gillen 2015). UNISON states that safe staffing levels have not witnessed improvement over the past year. This comes up in spite of the fact that government claims to have an increase in nursing numbers. The annual UNISON study conducted on 2015 showed that there is an issue of overstretched and demoralised nursing workforce, and inadequate staffing delivers undignified, unsafe and uncompassionate care for the patients. The respondents of the survey think that staffing levels have got worse since 2010. The survey carried out by UNISON states that staffs are still not able to take care of all the patients they are supposed to take care of. Some comments included that the government must always put patient care on the top of the priority list, and mon ey must not be the concern and that staff stress must be given more attention. Moreover, UNISON says that NHS is under operation in an environment where financial straightjacket is prevalent. As there is no money for funding adequate staffing levels, midwives and nurses are finding it difficult to keep their health services going. There is no doubt that midwives and nurses have no acceptance of the guidance that is present for nursing staffing as such guidance does not meet the requirements and need of the nurses either. This puts up the need for having a nationally set compulsory minimum patient-to-nurse ratio that is solely based on the needs of the patients (unison.org.uk 2015). The report comes up a year after the National Institute of Clinical Excellence (NICE) put up guidance on safe staffing levels. More than sixty percent of the respondents stated that NICE guidelines have not made any significant differences and staffing levels have not seen improvement. The survey reveals that when red-flag events occur as a result of a nursing staffing shortage, actions are not taken up in an appropriate manner at all times (Nice.org.uk 2014). UNISON is suggesting the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) guidance to be amended so that care for eight patients or more is classed as a red-flag event. Red-flag events are those events that indicate emergency or need for immediate action on a certain issue. It is a demand that actions need to be taken up. NICE has drawn up a list of such red-flag events that can be reported by omissions in medication administration, lack of patient monitoring and delays made in pain relief intervention (Kleebauer 2014). The Berwick review into patient safety, undertaken on 2013, is an independent report from the Department of Health, the United Kingdom, on how to improve patient safety in the NHS. A significant part of this element is nursing staffing. The review puts up some valuable recommendations. Staffing levels must be steady with the proof on safe staffing and must be adjusted to the local context and patient acuity. The primary recommendation is that NICE must undertake steps for developing guidance based on data. Organisations must routinely analyse and give the proper response to local measures that are warning signals of safety issues like staffing levels (gov.uk 2016). The Department of Health, the United Kingdom, has put forward a report called Hard Truths that is a government response to the case of Staffordshire hospital scandal. In the report, it has been mentioned that all NHS bodies must ensure that all shifts and all wards must ensure that they have the necessary staffing level for patient care. The Care Quality Commission will monitor the actions taken and performance delivered so that no patient is put on the risk of harm and suitable staffing levels is one the core elements of the registration regime of the Care Quality Commission (gov.uk 2016). The Department of Health, the United Kingdom, has put forward a report known as the Patients First and Foremost report that is the first government response to the report of the NHS public inquiry on the scandal of Staffordshire. This report stated that proper staffing as measured by skills and a number of nurses is vital for giving proper care but minimum ratios, and staffing numbers lead to a lack of flexibility to seek a minimum level of staffing. The report recommends that the Care Quality Commission needs to use evidence-based tools for determining staffing numbers (gov.uk 2016). Ethical principles of health care comes into focus in the context of the need of delivering high quality care. Proper staffing is needed for maintaining ethics in the delivery of quality care. The ethical concerns that are present in delivery of nursing care are autonomy, beneficence, no-maleficence, justice or fairness. Emphasis is on establishing a relation, collaborative care and maintaining human dignity. The main aim is to do no harm to the patients and not neglect the needs of the patient. They must be given justified care (Lillemoen and Pedersen 2013). In conclusion, it can be said that on an overall basis, there is an accumulating proof of the relation between nurse staffing and outcomes of patients. This is specially in relation to higher skill mix of the nurses. There is emerging evidence that curvilinear relation lies between the two aspects, suggesting that cost-effectiveness of using registered nursing levels, as a tool for quality improvement will become less cost-effective. Policymaking must be done according to the fact and evidence present for the particular issue. A rapid change in thr health care sector, by implementing different policies, is crucial for enabling effective care to patients. Fundng issues is a major challenge in the path of high quality care. One such aspect is nurse staffing. In spite of political differences between all parties, the funding system within the NHS is in crisis it is under-resourced and unfair. Insufficient budgets appear to take the frontline. Changes in financial concerns are needed. In adequate staffing levels are impacting on treatment and the recovery process for patients within the NHS and other services including the adult health care service. A call for action is needed once achieved tangible rewards are ahead for the NHS staff and patients. There is a need to incentivise good health a better future is possible and nurses and other professionals are the leaders who can influence changes in a system that is under enormous pressure. References Aiken, L.H., Sermeus, W., Van den Heede, K., Sloane, D.M., Busse, R., McKee, M., Bruyneel, L., Rafferty, A.M., Griffiths, P., Moreno-Casbas, M.T. and Tishelman, C., 2012. Patient safety, satisfaction, and quality of hosptal care: cross sectional surveys of nurses and patients in 12 countries in Europe and the United States.Bmj,344, p.e1717. dailymail.co.uk, (2014).Just ONE nurse for 84 patients at Mid-Staffs death hospital: As court lays bare scale of neglect, still no official is held to account. [online] Available at: https://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2564962/Nursing-staff-scandal-hit-Stafford-Hospital-set-fail-court-told.html [Accessed 14 Jan. 2016]. England.nhs.uk, (2016).NHS England Safe staffing. [online] Available at: https://www.england.nhs.uk/ourwork/safe-staffing/ [Accessed 14 Jan. 2016]. Francis, R., 2014. Culture, compassion and clinical neglectprobity in the NHS after Mid Staffordshire.Journal of medical ethics, pp.medethics-2013. Gillen, S., 2015. Unison calls on nurses and midwives to take part in staffing levels survey.Nursing Standard,29(22). gov.uk, (2016). [online] Available at: https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/170701/Patients_First_and_Foremost.pdf [Accessed 14 Jan. 2016]. gov.uk, (2016). [online] Available at: https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/270368/34658_Cm_8777_Vol_1_accessible.pdf [Accessed 14 Jan. 2016]. gov.uk, (2016). [online] Available at: https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/226703/Berwick_Report.pdf [Accessed 14 Jan. 2016]. gov.uk, (2016). [online] Available at: https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/453181/Agency_engagement_document.pdf [Accessed 15 Jan. 2016]. Hyun Shin, J., 2013. Relationship between nursing staffing and quality of life in nursing homes.Contemporary nurse,44(2), pp.133-143. kcl.ac.uk, (2016). [online] Available at: https://www.kcl.ac.uk/nursing/research/nnru/policy/Policy-Plus-Issues-by-Theme/Whodeliversnursingcare(roles)/PolicyIssue21.pdf [Accessed 14 Jan. 2016]. Kitson, A., Marshall, A., Bassett, K. and Zeitz, K., 2013. What are the core elements of patient centred care? A narrative review and synthesis of the literature from health policy, medicine and nursing.Journal of Advanced Nursing,69(1), pp.4-15. Kleebauer, A. (2014). NICE calls for use of red flags to trigger immediate review of care.Nursing Standard, 28(46), pp.7-7. legislation.gov.uk, (2016). [online] Available at: https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/8/pdfs/ukpga_19990008_en.pdf [Accessed 14 Jan. 2016]. Lillemoen, L. and Pedersen, R., 2013. Ethical challenges and how to develop ethics support in primary health care.Nursing ethics,20(1), pp.96-108. Mashimo, A., Akiyama, T., Fukui, T., Ueno, M. and Tanaka, A., 2013. Survey of the nurse staffing system including the patient classification system and issues in nurse resource management in japan.Journal of Nursing and Care S5-005. doi,10, pp.2167-1168. massnurses.org, (2016). [online] Available at: https://www.massnurses.org/files/file/Legislation-and-Politics/hospital_costs.pdf [Accessed 15 Jan. 2016]. Mohammed, M.A., Lilford, R., Rudge, G., Holder, R. and Stevens, A., 2013. The findings of the Mid-Staffordshire Inquiry do not uphold the use of hospital standardized mortality ratios as a screening test for badhospitals.QJM, p.hct101. Nice.org.uk, (2014).NICE unveils safe staffing plans for nursing care in wards | News and features | News | NICE. [online] Available at: https://www.nice.org.uk/news/article/nice-unveils-safe-staffing-plans-for-nursing-care-in-wards [Accessed 14 Jan. 2016]. Nice.org.uk, (2014).NICE unveils safe staffing plans for nursing care in wards | News and features | News | NICE. [online] Available at: https://www.nice.org.uk/news/article/nice-unveils-safe-staffing-plans-for-nursing-care-in-wards [Accessed 14 Jan. 2016]. Nursing Staffing Shortfall Escalation Policy. (2016). 1st ed. [ebook] Available at: https://file:///C:/Users/lap55/Downloads/09114%20Staffing%20Shortfall%20Escalation%203.0.pdf [Accessed 14 Jan. 2016]. Paek, S.C., Zhang, N.J., Wan, T.T., Unruh, L.Y. and Meemon, N., 2015. The Impact of State Nursing Home Staffing Standards on Nurse Staffing Levels.Medical Care Research and Review, p.1077558715594733. Potter, P.A., Perry, A.G., Stockert, P. and Hall, A., 2013.Fundamentals of nursing. Elsevier Health Sciences. rcn.org.uk, (2016). [online] Available at: https://www2.rcn.org.uk/__data/assets/pdf_file/0005/353237/003860.pdf [Accessed 14 Jan. 2016]. Safestaffing.org.uk, (2016).Safe Staffing Alliance | Demanding safe staffing levels to ensure quality nursing care. [online] Available at: https://www.safestaffing.org.uk/ [Accessed 14 Jan. 2016]. Shin, J.H., Park, T. and Huh, I.S., 2014. Nursing staffing and quality of life in western New York nursing homes.Western journal of nursing research,36(6), pp.788-805. unison.org.uk, (2015).Unsafe nurse staffing levels continue to put patients at risk | Article, News, Press release | News | UNISON. [online] Available at: https://www.unison.org.uk/news/article/2015/04/unsafe-nurse-staffing-levels-continue-to-put-patients-at-risk/ [Accessed 14 Jan. 2016]. Van den Heede, K. and Aiken, L.H., 2013. Nursing workforce a global priority area for health policy and health services research: a special issue.International Journal of Nursing Studies,50(2), pp.141-142.

The Lovely Bones Review Essay Example

The Lovely Bones Review Paper Essay on The Lovely Bones True, it protects the interests, particularly economic, material, general class. The formation of consciousness, which was engaged literature, such as shovels, to create the bright image of the builder of a new life is nothing but as a social deception. And still: the more images, the holy do not write communism specifically to the versatility of this was clear-controlled functions of literature. A few words about slaves. For a long time, even scientific workers seriously believed that these people slaves, but it was not so. Although the reason to think so, not only were, but remain to this day! The fact that the composition of the backbone of property relations of the society in which we live (known in science politarnym), includes: 1) a complete state ownership of all means of production, land and any property. Formally, this means that the state can not only quickly and easily deal with any so-called business (for example all clear), but also the duty to do so (deliberately by someone or not is not so important). To prove their ownership rights are systematically: that is, there will always be scapegoats, and always in sight! 2) property, are in the form of unlimited power over the identity of all (without exception) people caught in its territory (regardless of their citizenship, even!). This property of the state people can not prove otherwise than as a systematic order of the life and death of his subjects. For example, the offering of the sacrifice of one reason or another, which often occur (or even artificially created a small war) just for this purpose notable casualties. The systematic concentration of powers in the hands of one part of society automatically leads to a complete absence of it in the other, especially in the least socially protected. Privileges orders the fate of people the investigation unlimited power of government officials, starting at the top (for example Stalinism). The more extreme the situation, the more justified it b ecomes such a distribution of power and authority. Cheka ensured its expanded reproduction. These relations are material in the sense that they do not depend on any form of social consciousness, but on the contrary, it is they who serves as the source of this consciousness, the source of its illusory forms, including Party literature (and the party may be different). So Shalamov writes that art does not ennoble, not better people. Art a way to live, but no way of knowing life new prose the event itself, the battle, not the description . For example, he wrote: Everyone is my story a slap Stalinism All murderers in my stories are given real name. The Lovely Bones Review Essay Example The Lovely Bones Review Paper Essay on The Lovely Bones The book The Lovely Bones, in recent years, the most touching of the book I have read. It is so clearly convey the feeling and emotions of characters that you yourself, unconsciously, start to rethink their views on these or other events, which previously seemed to you rather flat. Explain to me (I quote the example of himself) is quite alien to the concept of death, and although I understand that she wanders by and each day dies N-th number of people yet it is other people, they are not related to you. Phantoms. For me, death was a phantom, something that wanders away, he could not be here in my surroundings. In my safe, sotknutom little world. I realized after reading this book or rather not so I understand and accept death as something close and yet real. This book is really touching. She sneaks up to a shiver, especially the first part. And though the end of me (me personally) a little disappointed as I expected catch the bad uncle in the best traditions of the genre, and all more or less traditional canons. Still, what turned out to be THE enda point leaves the bright sadness, quiet sadness. Understanding. And to some degree the joy. We will write a custom essay sample on The Lovely Bones Review specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on The Lovely Bones Review specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on The Lovely Bones Review specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer This is a real situation. What it may well happen . and what happens. Its sad and its terrible. But since there will always be. The Lovely Bones tells us that even the dying, you do not stop dreaming. It brings joy and faith. Comforting. A book will not forget yourself in combination with good style. Yes, it is quite non-standard, and is unusual in the story, and this is what makes it so valuable. After all, if the description is going the same way as in ordinary detective, she would not differ. And be sure to have passed unnoticed. As for the film, which will be released soon. I did see without comparing at least try to, with a book, but I doubt he will be as good. Books keep the attention of the reader only at the feelings and emotions, are rarely successful in the movie. The Lovely Bones Review Essay Example The Lovely Bones Review Paper Essay on The Lovely Bones True, it protects the interests, particularly economic, material, general class. The formation of consciousness, which was engaged literature, such as shovels, to create the bright image of the builder of a new life is nothing but as a social deception. And still: the more images, the holy do not write communism specifically to the versatility of this was clear-controlled functions of literature. A few words about slaves. For a long time, even scientific workers seriously believed that these people slaves, but it was not so. Although the reason to think so, not only were, but remain to this day! The fact that the composition of the backbone of property relations of the society in which we live (known in science politarnym), includes: 1) a complete state ownership of all means of production, land and any property. Formally, this means that the state can not only quickly and easily deal with any so-called business (for example all clear), but also the duty to do so (deliberately by someone or not is not so important). To prove their ownership rights are systematically: that is, there will always be scapegoats, and always in sight! 2) property, are in the form of unlimited power over the identity of all (without exception) people caught in its territory (regardless of their citizenship, even!). This property of the state people can not prove otherwise than as a systematic order of the life and death of his subjects. For example, the offering of the sacrifice of one reason or another, which often occur (or even artificially created a small war) just for this purpose notable casualties. The systematic concentration of powers in the hands of one part of society automatically leads to a complete absence of it in the other, especially in the least socially protected. Privileges orders the fate of people the investigation unlimited power of government officials, starting at the top (for example Stalinism). The more extreme the situation, the more justified it b ecomes such a distribution of power and authority. Cheka ensured its expanded reproduction. These relations are material in the sense that they do not depend on any form of social consciousness, but on the contrary, it is they who serves as the source of this consciousness, the source of its illusory forms, including Party literature (and the party may be different). So Shalamov writes that art does not ennoble, not better people. Art a way to live, but no way of knowing life new prose the event itself, the battle, not the description . For example, he wrote: Everyone is my story a slap Stalinism All murderers in my stories are given real name. The Lovely Bones Review Essay Example The Lovely Bones Review Paper Essay on The Lovely Bones True, it protects the interests, particularly economic, material, general class. The formation of consciousness, which was engaged literature, such as shovels, to create the bright image of the builder of a new life is nothing but as a social deception. And still: the more images, the holy do not write communism specifically to the versatility of this was clear-controlled functions of literature. A few words about slaves. For a long time, even scientific workers seriously believed that these people slaves, but it was not so. Although the reason to think so, not only were, but remain to this day! The fact that the composition of the backbone of property relations of the society in which we live (known in science politarnym), includes: 1) a complete state ownership of all means of production, land and any property. Formally, this means that the state can not only quickly and easily deal with any so-called business (for example all clear), but also the duty to do so (deliberately by someone or not is not so important). To prove their ownership rights are systematically: that is, there will always be scapegoats, and always in sight! 2) property, are in the form of unlimited power over the identity of all (without exception) people caught in its territory (regardless of their citizenship, even!). This property of the state people can not prove otherwise than as a systematic order of the life and death of his subjects. For example, the offering of the sacrifice of one reason or another, which often occur (or even artificially created a small war) just for this purpose notable casualties. The systematic concentration of powers in the hands of one part of society automatically leads to a complete absence of it in the other, especially in the least socially protected. Privileges orders the fate of people the investigation unlimited power of government officials, starting at the top (for example Stalinism). The more extreme the situation, the more justified it b ecomes such a distribution of power and authority. Cheka ensured its expanded reproduction. These relations are material in the sense that they do not depend on any form of social consciousness, but on the contrary, it is they who serves as the source of this consciousness, the source of its illusory forms, including Party literature (and the party may be different). So Shalamov writes that art does not ennoble, not better people. Art a way to live, but no way of knowing life new prose the event itself, the battle, not the description . For example, he wrote: Everyone is my story a slap Stalinism All murderers in my stories are given real name. The Lovely Bones Review Essay Example The Lovely Bones Review Paper Essay on The Lovely Bones There are some topics that are difficult to raise: about them hard to write books, make movies, and sometimes it is difficult to say. In this book, one of those affected by the fact the murder of a child. Subject incredibly complex, delicate, where necessary virtuosity writer. Where one extra word can hurt, how can not hurt a thousand knives. So, the theme of the book The Lovely Bones is the murder of the girl. But unfortunately, in this book, the murder of the theme for a family misfortune and as a problem for society is not a key, and not even the second or third, because the essence of the book was not to expose the offender or the theme of rejection of killings, to my great surprise, life on earth after the death of this girls life and most girls are in another world. The author as she could fantasize on the topic beyond the grave paradise of the world, tried, unconvincingly in my view, to convey the thoughts and feelings of the deceased. I think this is one of the main problems of the book, since these hypothetical thoughts seem unconvincing and, moreover, petty and false. Another point. After the episode with the girls death, which more or less shows the experiences of those who suffered the greatest loss parents, things take a new turn, and the author begins to describe the life of adolescent friends and acquaintances of the deceased, whom she watches from heaven. Sorry for the banality, but for me it was the last straw. Could not bear to read about these minor things after the murder was described! We will write a custom essay sample on The Lovely Bones Review specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on The Lovely Bones Review specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on The Lovely Bones Review specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer I believe that if the author wanted to write a book about teenage life, it was necessary to do it and do not affect the subject of murder. Or write a book about prezhivaniyah parents of the deceased and not affect the problems of puberty teen and, moreover, the subject of the underworld. I began to read this book, because I consider the killing of children an important issue. Especially important now, when we hear or read the news about the new kids missing or dead. But. I do not accept speculation on the sick for many of the problems, so I do not think this book is good, and would not be recommended for reading. The Lovely Bones Review Essay Example The Lovely Bones Review Paper Essay on The Lovely Bones If one were to formulate a single sentence, what this book, I would probably say: a book about the strength of family ties on this and on the other side of life. We have Pavic words: die so stop being someones son (daughter). You can continue to: cease to be a man or a woman, a child or an adult to lose his name and the appearance that you were at the body. Everything is the soul discards while taking off like a rocket burning up stages, and continues its way free and unencumbered by anything, even the memory In theory Alice Sebolds death and the soul after death is quite different.. It is closer to the Christian, according to which we come before God in his earthly, though disembodied, disguise and sound memory of their deeds, which we will be judged. But even in this, anthropomorphic theory of the soul Seaboard goes even further: it is virtually erases the boundaries between the world of the dead and the living Deaths do not go anywhere.. They are among us. They have some more its individual dimension, where they spend part of the time, but at any moment they can move into ours. They see animals and very young children, and see it as something quite natural. Even some adults (especially those who loved them in life) can sense their presence as a chill bumps or catch promelk reflection in the broken glass We will write a custom essay sample on The Lovely Bones Review specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on The Lovely Bones Review specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on The Lovely Bones Review specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer The history of Susie Salmon -. This is the story told by the ghost a teenage girl who was raped, killed, dismembered, packed in a safety deposit box and thrown into the pit. All that was left on the ground, its knitted cap, bracelet with pendants, swollen school book and hand fragment. The killer dropped it on the road, and the neighbors dog found and brought. That was the main proof of the death of Susie. A terrible bloody scene of the rape and murder, of course, is the culmination of the novel, although given somewhere in the beginning. All further only its echoes and implications. It is as if we were shown how an explosion, destroying all life within a radius of the nth number of meters, and then a long time, and shows in detail would like bare earth at this place gradually tightened grass, new insects, the birds start to nest and hatching life goes on ». But in this life goes on is the main salt of the novel. As she continues to anyone that it forever changed and what has remained unchanged The mother Susie could not be combined in the understanding two notions of daughters as a real live girl and as a rotting somewhere remains. To as far as possible to distance himself from Suzy image and from the image of the family, part of which was Susie, it first with the head goes into an affair, and then completely went to another country and start a new life. Lindsay sister Susie, is struggling with the pain in his own way: action, action. He sneaks into the house and finds the killer finally irrefutable evidence of his guilt. (However, this is nothing helped the killer managed to escape.) The little brother misses Suzy, but fortunately, she sometimes it is, and therefore their separation, as it were not true » There are grandma Lynn and Ray boy the first school love, and a strange girl Ruth (soul Suzy hurt her hand when brushing past in the night of the murder, what has changed her life forever). All they remember and love Suzy, and in a way to communicate with her, without knowing it. But the main focus of love, the personification of blood ties, by virtue of which not destroy and death, is the father of Susie, Jack Salmon . This is a man whose daughter with death changed everything and nothing has changed. Not that he persists in rejecting a fait accompli, and not something that falls into mysticism and begins to believe in an afterlife. No; Stunned with grief, he about anything so do not even think. He is in the first place the support, the head of the family, and must retain the remnants of self-control to help his wife and two other children to survive the loss of But here it goes past the house of Mr. Garvey, their eccentric neighbor.. And something causes it to enter into the courtyard, where Mr. Harvey is obsessed with architecture, building ritual wedding tent of some sort of ancient Malian tribes. Garvey invites him to join, and for some time they work together. Not much is happening, there are no signs and prerequisites to suspect Mr. Garvey murder. But  «began to snow in the street. For the first time after my death. And Dad said it -. Listening to you, my dear, he said quietly. What do you want to say All the power of my thoughts rushed to the dry bush geranium, chernevshy before his eyes?. I thought, if I can make geraniums blossomed, and it will be the answer. Im in heaven geranium immediately blossomed riotous color. Im in heaven petals have already begun to crumble, I was drowning in them at times. And the world has not changed But even through the snow I remarked. Father differently looks at the green house. Something he was concerned  » By the end of the work on the tent of the father of Susie knew exactly:. Mr. Harvey is the killer Where does this knowledge.? Of snowfall, from accidental contact with the hand of Mr. Harvey, from his fathers love and grief. In ordinary life, when the relatives of the dead are beginning to see such signs that surround take it for paranoia. Man a little out of it » But in the world Siebold dimension in which Susie continues to exist, -. An objective reality, and paranoia of her father only a fragile bridge into this reality. And the only way to keep this bridge: do not doubt him. Do not think and do not look for the logical connections between the snowed and he killed her. Just to see that this is the case As a result, not a police investigation, and it is this aggravated his fathers intuition and collected evidence in the form of snow, howling dogs, the reflection in the lights window candles and lead to the disclosure of the crime:. Second daughter, Lindsay feels (also intuitively) fathers right, sneaks into the house and Garvey razdobyvaet have real evidence. But Harvey has time to escape. Many have read the book writes that the outcome is not convincing. Disappointing supposedly interchange. Serial killer Harvey, do not ruin a girl, many years later dies from accidental icicles. Even something as ridiculous: and where the price paid, where terrible torments commensurate sins? And indeed the death scene is described as something resembling, in between times. This neglect to the fate of the character, probably intended to emphasize its insignificance. Between the victim and the killer does not have such a strong and unbreakable connection, which they sometimes credited. Garvey nothing more than a tragic accident in the life of Suzy, her own icicle. And Susie ghost for so long can not leave the world of the living, hanging between heaven and earth, not because her death is not with vengeance, killer unpunished, and bones not buried. No; her soul (as well as any other concept in Siebold) holds here only one thing: love. Love family and love of family. While this thread is not interrupted, or rather, until Suzy is not ripen before that most of its insulation, it is doomed and remain Suzy, a girl 14 years old, white, American Siebold only hints that there is still some way continued. That mezhdumire where Susie is stuck not the final destination. But for him to leave, it is necessary to leave the last -. Lovely bones of earthly life, love for a living Throughout Suzy novel suffers from the fact that he could never grow. In light of this, the last words of the novel looks symbolic: elderly couple finds in the forest the old, rusty bracelet with pendants, once owned by Susie  «- girl is, I suppose, very adult became, said his wife. . Almost. Yes, not exactly. I wish you live happily ever after.  »

Samsung essays

Samsung essays - 1938 founded as a trading company - in the 50s-60s went into anything imaginable - like insurance- paper- aerospace- property- retailing - used this base to lay themselves out for the semiconductor field 1) Entry into semiconductors- 75-83 - bought a smaller semiconductor company in S.K. - wanted to expand out of low end goods - worked with Micron Tech. and other US firms - had American engineers at plants helping them - producing goods but wanted to be at the same level - to do this put lots of $ into the department - accumulated debt- but looked toward the future - by late 80s started seeing sales boom - started to overtake the U.S. and Japan firms it learned from in some categories - U.S. and Japan instead of helping out simply bought in huge quantities - first company with 64 bit DRAM technology - forged equal partnerships to remain at the front of technology So What are We Supposed to get out of this? - these firms show typical strategies of late- comer firms - to do this they had a assembly learning period, then process development, and began to innovate - balanced perfectly the rate of growth - organizational innovation - because their learning achievements are cumulative and built upon solid foundations, South Korean firms are well positioned to create new market opportunities and to respond to the fast-changing pace of electronics technology - Hyundai 19 percent sales- Samsung 13 - Brad has a Samsung microwave- 1/5 of US microwaves 92 - Chaebol- the big business groupings - its hard for Korea to be flexible given its culture ...

Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Research Paper Example I. Medical Research in the United States Since the dawn of time, human tends to evolve itself to help improve the surrounding; this made it even more important to find a viable â€Å"cure† from various diseases. Through different ages of time, mankind came to know of various diseases and found cure for it. United state of America has also played a vital role in inventing cures for diseases which are known to be â€Å"in-curable† and also focus its research on some unknown diseases, specifically on cancer and its cause. Some famous medical researches conducted by American medical practitioners are: i) The Potential of Circulating Tumor Cells as a Liquid Biopsy to Guide Therapy in Prostate Cancer: The authors presented results, that prostate-specific antigen/prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSA/PSMA)–which are based on the measurements and calculations of androgen receptor (AR) signaling in circulating tumor cells (CTC) which helps in enabling the real-time quan titative monitoring of intratumoral AR signaling. This finding indicates that measuring AR signaling within CTCs may help to guide therapy in metastatic prostate cancer and highlights the use of CTCs as liquid biopsy. (Pantel, 2012) ii) Androgen Receptor Signaling in Circulating Tumor Cells as a Marker of Hormonally Responsive Prostate Cancer: The Androgen deprivation therapy also known as ADT was practiced to cure metastatic prostate cancer in earlier days, and many other hormonal therapies were being tested to repress the androgen receptor (AR) from reactivating in castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). In spite of the different responses to AR pathway inhibitors in CRPC, there are no dependable practitioners to guide their application. In this paper the author used micro fluidic capture of circulating tumor cells (CTC) to measure AR signaling readouts before and after therapeutic interventions (Miyamoto, 2012). These were the following researches that considered being a bre akthrough in the medical history, there was very few researches in the field of prostate cancer and improving the chemotherapy of cancer patients. The main reason was the funding for these researches and the political influence in these areas. II. Successful treatment of various intractable illnesses is now readily available Cancer was labeled as one of the leading causes of death in the United States and research was the only way through which the issue of cancer could have been tackled. The National Institute of Cancer received nearly $2.7 billion and is also funded by intangible sources that have further paved the path to help medical professionals expand their horizons. The importance of cancer research was further iterated by President Obama and according to him: â€Å"Innovation also demands basic research. Today, the discoveries taking place in our federally financed labs and universities could lead to new treatments that kill cancer cells but leave healthy ones untouchedâ⠂¬ ¦ Do not gut these investments in our budget. Don’t let other countries win the race for the future.† (AACR, 2012). There are however many researches being carried out on the treatment of once called intractable

Event Critiques Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

Event Critiques - Article Example ng of the Light: Film as Medium and Metaphor done by a group of six American artists and In Transit: Between Image and Object by Dike Blair, Hugh Scott-Douglas and others. The venue was aptly decorated to capture an artistic mood as well the American heritage through wall paintings, choice of curtains, stage arrangement and arrangement of sits. Everyone was carried into the mood of the occasion by merely looking at the setting. The stage presentation of the various art works marked the events climax with their sophisticated stage coordination and presence. The themes of their works, Waterston depicting inequality and economic disparities in the society, artists behind the Dying of the Light portraying art and particularly film as symbolic work while In Transit exploring parallel between physical movement of art and visual information flow engaged the audience in a super awesome manner. Audience was actively invited artistically to think visually about the society, the impact of art w ork on our cultures and entertainment as well as politics. In my reaction therefore I conclude that the event was perfectly planned, timed and executed. It is an important event to our art industry as people come to meet artists exhibiting their works on live stage and therefore appreciate the potential of art in entertaining, educating and highlighting society’s inefficiencies. Such events promote peace as people meet, enjoy together and support the industry art together and as such should be encouraged at all costs. Security should also be heightened in venues of such events to bar ill motivated individuals from

Feminist or Gender Discrimination Essay Example for Free

Feminist or Gender Discrimination Essay Yes, of course feminist thinking is a facilitator in the field of woman and development because feminism is a movement a set of beliefs , that problematize gender inequality . feminist believe that women have been subordinated through men’s greater power variously expressed in different areas. They value women’s lives and concerns and work to improve women’s status and development. Feminism that means feminist thinking is a facilitator as it begins with an acknowledgement of women’s inequality oppression , subordination and need to change the situation and improve the quality of women’s life . It is also a movement against hieranchy , which goes the liberation of a sex , it contains the possibility of equal relations not only between women and men , but between men and men , women and women ,and even between adults and children ,(rowbotham,1985:214) To the widen implication of feminist thought is that it would eradicated domination and transform society . as it marks a commitment to recognizing society so that self-development of people can take place . Feminism entails an ethical and political commitment provides a social theory through which to understand and explain women’s lives and experiences . Feminism is useful in the field of women and development if we take into account feminist perspectives . According to feminist view that it aims to change a male dominated against society furthen see women’s subordination as resulting to from gender norms ,rather than biological sex and aim to change these narms , they focus on equal opportunities for women and men . women’s inequality is resulting from their inferior education . Marxist feminist asserts that capitalism , the current form of class society ,perpetuates the subordination of women by enforcing their economical dependence on men . there for main tool of Marxist feminist is class straggle and revolution which will bring about new production relation and emancipation of women . Radical feminist insist that women’s subordination primarily depends on partriarchy subordination is rooted in their biology ,that is their reproductive physiology hithout changing basic biological features emancipation was not possible . his implied that only a revolution in bio –technology would change women’s condition . Eco-feminism is the social movement that regard the oppression of women and nature as interconnected . it focused on that the women are the victim of environment desaradation .feminist theorist have extended their analysis to consider the interconnections between sexism the domination of nature , and also racism and social inequality . consequently it is now better understand as a movement working against the interconnected oppression of gender, race , class, and nature. If we go further extention of whether feminist thinking is a fecilitation or roadblock to woman and development . then can take emphasize on feminist methodology too. feminist methodology 1 feminist seek a methodology that will do the work of â€Å"excavation â€Å" that is shifting the focus of standard practice from men’s concerns in order to reveal the location and perspective of all women . the aim of much feminist research has been to bring women in that is to find what has been ignored ,censored and suppressed and to reveal both the diversity of actual women’s lives . Feminist methodology have searched for practices that will minimize harm to women and limit negative consequences . this focuses not onl on women , welfare bt also practical research strategis drawing on the work of grass roots and professional women’s organization . 3 feminists seek a methodology that will supported research of value to women , leading to social change or action beneficial to women. At last , after above all discussion we have come to the point that feminist thinking is ethical as well as useful in the development of women as modifying women’s problem is the process of development.

Essay on Mathematics - The True Universal Language :: Graduate Admissions Essays

Mathematics - The True Universal Language The true universal human language is not punctuated by accents or vowel intonations; it does not spring from any particular continent; it rises above ink on paper, scratches on the earth or daubs of paint on the wall of a cave. No, I am a firm believer that the true universal human language is composed of numbers. For while numerical characters may vary across the globe, the logic they convey transcends borders, localities, and customs. The "language" of numbers flows from the inherent human capacity to reason. It is my love for the reach and power of numbers that started my career in Mathematics and Electrical Engineering and has inspired me to pursue graduate work in Database Management Systems. In my native Hungary, I was the winner of the national mathematics competition award before going on to study Mathematics at MIT. My academic career at MIT was immensely enriching, and my hard work landed me at the top of my classes. I was awarded the _____________ Scholarship and was on both the Computer Science National Dean's List and the MIT University Dean's List. But just as important as my awards and honors was the assistance and support I received from my professors, who not only taught but nurtured me. As an undergraduate Teaching Assistant under Dr. __________, I graded papers and worked with the students-an experience that encouraged me to think about a future teaching position. And in my independent research study project in Complex Systems Theory, completed under the direction of Dr._________________, I was able to learn in a creative, exploratory fashion. This project cemented my decision to venture into postgraduate studies. My past projects centered around analyzing, formulating and delivering solutions in every stage of providing Microsoft-format software for major Fortune500 companies. I have also designed a database system (implemented in SQL Server) and developed front end applications in Visual C++ and Visual Basic that used ODBC and DAO to access the server. This work piqued my interest in doing research in the field of database systems, and I started to think more analytically about the limitations of relational databases. I became interested in object-oriented databases, particularly their flexibility and their ability to meet the requirements of more complex structures. In my graduate studies, I plan to focus my research on optimizing queries and improving the performance of complex systems such as image, engineering, or scientific database systems. Essay on Mathematics - The True Universal Language :: Graduate Admissions Essays Mathematics - The True Universal Language The true universal human language is not punctuated by accents or vowel intonations; it does not spring from any particular continent; it rises above ink on paper, scratches on the earth or daubs of paint on the wall of a cave. No, I am a firm believer that the true universal human language is composed of numbers. For while numerical characters may vary across the globe, the logic they convey transcends borders, localities, and customs. The "language" of numbers flows from the inherent human capacity to reason. It is my love for the reach and power of numbers that started my career in Mathematics and Electrical Engineering and has inspired me to pursue graduate work in Database Management Systems. In my native Hungary, I was the winner of the national mathematics competition award before going on to study Mathematics at MIT. My academic career at MIT was immensely enriching, and my hard work landed me at the top of my classes. I was awarded the _____________ Scholarship and was on both the Computer Science National Dean's List and the MIT University Dean's List. But just as important as my awards and honors was the assistance and support I received from my professors, who not only taught but nurtured me. As an undergraduate Teaching Assistant under Dr. __________, I graded papers and worked with the students-an experience that encouraged me to think about a future teaching position. And in my independent research study project in Complex Systems Theory, completed under the direction of Dr._________________, I was able to learn in a creative, exploratory fashion. This project cemented my decision to venture into postgraduate studies. My past projects centered around analyzing, formulating and delivering solutions in every stage of providing Microsoft-format software for major Fortune500 companies. I have also designed a database system (implemented in SQL Server) and developed front end applications in Visual C++ and Visual Basic that used ODBC and DAO to access the server. This work piqued my interest in doing research in the field of database systems, and I started to think more analytically about the limitations of relational databases. I became interested in object-oriented databases, particularly their flexibility and their ability to meet the requirements of more complex structures. In my graduate studies, I plan to focus my research on optimizing queries and improving the performance of complex systems such as image, engineering, or scientific database systems.

Investigating the Effects of Surface Area on the Rate of Reaction Essay

Aim: To study the effects of changing the surface area on the rate of a chemical reaction Hypothesis: This hypothesis is based on the Collision Theory, where in order to react, the two particles involved must: 1. Collide with each other 2. The collision must be energetic enough to overcome the activation energy of the reaction 3. The collision must bring the reactive parts of the molecule into contact the correct way – they must collide with appropriate geometry (the reactive parts) Considering that the surface area of a particle is a factor that mainly affects the collision rate of particles, it would be safe to assume that as the surface area increases, the reaction rate increases. The graph should turn out to be something like this: 1. the reaction is the fastest at the start 2. The reaction is slowing down here 3. No more product is formed Amount of product Time Variables: Variable Factor What is manipulated Dependent Time The time it takes for the reaction to complete depends on the surface area of the compounds being used, because it determines the rate in which the reaction will occur. Independent Volume of the gas collected (H2, CO2) The amount of gas collected for each experiment will depend on the Controlled 1. Mass of Calcium Carbonate (both marble chips and powdered form) 2. Mass of Magnesium (both ribbon and powder) 3. Volume of Hydrochloric Acid 4. Apparatus Used 1. The masses of the substances utilized will remain constantly fixed during the experiment 2. 50 cm3 of HCl will be used for every trial – 550 cm3 in total 3. The apparatus used will remain the same throughout the whole experiment Chemical Reactions: Mg + 2HCl → MgCl2 + H2 1. Magnesium ribbon 2. Hydrogen Gas will be the gas collected 1. 3 Trials will take place 1. Mass of Magnesium ribbon in: 1. Trial 1: 0.064 grams 2. Trial 2: 0.063 grams 3. Trial 3: 0.065 grams CaCO3 + 2HCl → CaCl2 + H2O + CO2 1. Marble Chips 2. Carbon Dioxide will be the gas collected 1. 2 Trials will take place 1. Mass of Marble Chips in: 1. Trial 1: 3.998 grams 2. Trial 2: 3.988 grams Na2CO3 + 2HCl → 2NaCl + H2O + CO2 1. Sodium Carbonate (Powdered) 2. Carbon Dioxide will be the gas collected 1. 2 Trials will take place 1. Mass of Sodium Carbonate 1. Trial 1: 0.504 grams 2. Trial 2: 0.505 grams Apparatus: 1. Eye-Protection – 1 pair of Safety Glasses 2. 1 pair of Scissors 3. 1 Electronic Scale 4. 1 Conical Flask (100cm3) 5. 1 Single-holed rubber bung and delivery tube to fit conical flask 6. 1 Measuring cylinder (100cm3) 7. Stopwatch Chemicals: 1. 12cm of Magnesium Ribbon 2. 550 cm3 of Hydrochloric Acid 3. Marble Chips 4. Sodium Carbonate (Powdered) Method: 1. Set up apparatus as shown 2. Fill the conical flask with 50cm3 of HCl 3. Insert the end of the syringe into the hole on top of the stopper 4. Add the magnesium ribbon 5. Seal the flask with a rubber stopper as quickly as you can, at the same time have someone else present to start the stop watch once the magnesium ribbon has been added to the hydrochloric acid 6. As the reaction takes place, note down the time it takes for the gas collected to reach a multiple of 5 (i.e. 5mL, 10mL †¦.50,55,60,65 etc) 7. Keep measuring until the reaction has stopped, or you are unable to measure anymore 8. Repeat each experiment 3 times, just to be sure the data collected is accurate 9. At step 4, replace the underlined compound with the next compound after one experiment is completed Conclusion Unfortunately I was unable to create a graph using time as the independent variable, because the lab that I had utilized did not have the equipment available to accurately to record the data if time were to be the independent variable. Another factor that played into my decision was the fact that the smallest calibration of the glass syringe I used was 5 cm3. Since the only visible measurements shown on the syringe were multiples of 5, it would only seem reasonable that I switch around the variables, making time the dependent variable, and the volume collected the independent variable, since I couldn’t exactly measure how much gas would be collected every 5 seconds; otherwise the relationship the graph would depict would be completely incorrect. As you can see on the graphs, the slightly steep slopes show when the reaction is the quickest, as it should be in the beginning. The curve shows the reaction slowing down, but unfortunately the curve continues. This is because the reaction is still taking place. I was unable to record the rest of the data because the measuring tools that were available weren’t able to record to such a high degree. In some cases though, like in the powdered sodium carbonate experiment, the reaction began so quickly that I wasn’t able to record the time in most cases, so I just stuck with those that I had managed to note down. In other cases, there were so many distractions in the lab that it was difficult to remain focused. My classmates kept removing some if the items that I was using. The idea was to see how the rate of reaction changed when the surface area of a substance was increased. Initially, my plan was to react magnesium ribbon and magnesium powder with 1 mole of Hydrochloric acid; so I could compare and contrast how the surface area of the substance affected the rate of reaction. I had planned to keep everything about the two substances the same. Its element, mass, the amount of Hydrochloric acid I was going to react with it; the only thing different would be its surface area. Unfortunately the Lab didn’t have any available. So I decided to do the same experiment to Calcium Carbonate, this time using marble chips and powdered calcium carbonate. To my dismay I found that the powdered calcium carbonate wasn’t reacting at all. So I had to change it to sodium carbonate. There is skepticism about using different elements, seeing as they have different orders of reactivity. These factors, including the concentration of the acid used, could also affect the rate of reaction. However, the same acid concentration was used for all experiments, in all trials; so we can dismiss that. However, sodium is much higher up the reactivity series than calcium, which is higher up the reactivity series than magnesium. This is the problem with this experiment; the elements positions in the reactivity series could have really altered the rate of reaction. However, the experiments still prove that when the surface area of a substance is increased, the rate of reaction increases as well. This happens because, when two substances react only the surface particles of the substances can come into direct contact with the reactant particles. Increasing a substance’s surface area, like turning big solid chunks of calcium carbonate into powder, leaves more solid particles available to react. The more particles available to react at one time, the faster the rate of the reaction. Like this: Only atoms on the surface can react If you break the substance down, more atoms are exposed and ready to react. Evaluation Considering the lack of material available, I think I was able to manage the experiment fairly enough to produce results. However, I am not pleased with the factors that may or may not have affected my results, and the circumstances in which I had to switch my variables around. Therefore I would like to state a few things I would like to alter, if ever I got the change to do this experiment again. 1. Apparatus 1. Next time, instead of using a stopwatch, I would like to use a digital device, like a laptop for example, that was somehow connected to the glass syringe, which was programmed to record the volume of the gas collected every 5 seconds. This time the graph would turn out the way it should be. 2. Instead of using a measuring cylinder, I would replace it with a burette, as it takes more accurate measurements of liquids. 1. Chemicals Used 1. I would try and used the same element next time; the only difference would be the surface area. For example, if I used magnesium, to study the effects of surface area on the rate of reaction, I would only you magnesium ribbon and magnesium powder. Studying different elements with different reactivity’s would dismiss any data already collected because an element’s position on the reactivity series may also determine the rate of reaction. Use the same element. 1. Amount of People involved in the experiment 1. If I had to do the experiment again, with the same apparatus, I think I would like to have 3 people participating in the collection of data. 1 person would be watching the syringe rise and call out to record whenever it rose, the 2nd person would time it, and the 3rd person would record it. This time, the data may be even more accurate, because no one is taking their eye off the experiment, like I was doing during my experiment just to record data. I feel that altering these aspects of the experiment would increase the level of accuracy, as to get more substantial data to calculate the order of reaction. Unfortunately with the data I have so far, I am unable to derive the concentrations of the substances I had utilized in my experiment. However, as the objective was to investigate whether or not different surface areas affected the rate of the reaction, I think that I have produced enough data to support my theory.